Clutch and brake mechanism



Dec. 7, 192a. 1,609,421

A. E. NORRIS CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM Filed August 13, 1925 5 sheetssheet 1 Invenior: v flizwon/Elvovz'is,

Dec. 7 1926.

' A. E. NORRIS CLUTCH AND BRAKE mscrmmsm 5 SheetsSheet 2 Filed August 15I nv 021/70? .fliznora/Eflvorniie JWJ Ja i 8 1 w I 1 I a I onENo?Inveni/ ar cfllm M XGALMQIWM' Dec. 7 1926.

A. E. NORRIS CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM Filed August 13,

Dec. 7 1926.

A. E. NORRIS CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM Filed August 13, 1925: -5Sheets-Sheet 4 Imeniozm flimonl'llvbz MW Dec. 7 1926.

A. E. NORRIS CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM Filed August 13, 1925 5Sheets-Sheet 5 127072631302: :HZBnoWENorwals, Z A g ,L. ,1,

Patented cc. 7, 1925.

airs ALBION E. NORRIS, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACI-Z'U SETTS.

CLUTCH AND BRA E MECHANISM.

Application filed August 13, 1925; Seria1 1 o.' l9,995.

This invention relates to a novel clutch and brake mechanism,susceptible of gen j eral application, but having special utility inconnection with two-drumiwinches, sometimes called burtoning winches,used for loading and unloading vesselsat docks.

The inventionwill be bestunderstood by reference to the followingdescription, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings ofone specific embodiment thereof,while its scope will be moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a plan of a clutch and brake mechanismexemplifying-the invention, the

same being shown in connection with a twodrum winch;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale, on line "22 of Fig.1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 2;

ig. 4 is a sectional view on line 4 4: of Fi 1;- V p v *ig, 5 is asectional view on an enlarged scale, on line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is an elevationof some of the parts shown in Fig.v 5, as viewedfrom the righthand side thereof; and

Fig. 7 is a perspective view, representing in a somewhatconventionalized manner the general arrangement of a load-handlingapparatus in connection with which the clutch and brake mechanism may beemployed, portions of a vessel, and of a dock, or railhoist, beingindicated in dotted lines;

. Referring now to the drawings, and to the embodiment of the inventionwhich isselect- (see Fig. 2), the latter being mounted in bearings 18and 13', which in turn are mounted in bearing brackets 1.4 and 14,supported on a suitable base 15.

Herein the shaft isconstantly driven by mechanism comprising a worm gear16 (see Fig. 2), secured to the shaft as by a key 17, and driven by aworm 18, the geaing being enclosed by an appropriate housing or gearcase 19. The worm is suitably formed on or secured to 'a shaft 20, whichis driven by anappropriate motor 21 (seeFig. 1),

preferably an electric motor mounted on the base 15, on which the gearcase is mounted.

Lengthwise movement of the shaft 12 is pre vented by thrustbearings'22and 22, one of which is shown in Fi 2 in section, while the exterior-ofeach vis shown in Fig.1; V 1 "-The'two drums are independently driven inone direction by clutches designated generally by the numerals 23 and 23(see Fig.

1)., Rotation of the drums in a reverse direction is normallypreventedby self-acting, or automatic brakes designated generally by thenumerals 24 and 24:, which, however, as

will more fully appearhereinaften'may be released by the operator,thereby to permitreverse rotation at anydesired speed. These two clutchand brake mechanisms (except tion, and a detailed description of the setused for the control or, the drum 11 will suffice for both. V Y

Referring now to'Fig. 2,'the clutch. 23, herein of the cone type,comprises inner and outer cones 25 and '26, the inner one beingconveniently'formed as an integralpart' of the drum 11, and beingprovided with a facing 27 of appropriate material, and the outer Isliding the drum and the clutch member car-V ried" thereby axially onthe shaft 12. The clutch is normally disengaged by a spring 80, one endof which bears against the hub f the'clutch member 28, and the other endagainst a yoke 31, which in turn operates through a thrust washer 32against the inner end of a hub 33 presented by the drum 11. Movement ofthe yoke under the ins .tluence of the spring is limited by suitablemeans, herein stops comprising nuts 34L threaded onto studs 35, whichextend loosely through the clutch member 28, and arefixedly secured tothe yoke, as by being into thelatter. I

Engagement of the clutch in opposition to the spring is effected bysuitable mechanism, such as that now to be described. Atthe outer end ofthe drum 1'1, is a thrust bearing 36, which is interposed between thehub 33 and a shoulder 87 presented by a sleeve screwed I the.

38, which also presents a nut 39 threaded scribed, reference being hadat iirst to Fig.

2. Encircling the sleeve 38, in which the nut is formed, 1S a collar,conveniently 1n the form or" a clamping band 41, which, as shown in Fig.3,'is split at l2, and is provided with clamping screws i3, by means ofwhich it may be clamped onto the sleeve. This clamping band carriesan'arm ll, herein conveniently formed as an integral part thereof, whoseouter end ispivotally connected to one end of a link 45, whiletheopposite end of this link is pivotally connected to a hand lever 46,which, as best shown in Fig. 4c, is secured as by akey 47 toa rockshaftl8, the latterbeing mounted in bearings l9 and 50, secured to the baseof the machine.

The machine is intended ordinarily to be operated by two operators, whostand at opposite sides, respectively, or the motor 21, at the portionsof the base which appearin Fig. l, at the lower right and left-handsides of this I figure. mechanism just described is such that, ii theoperator at the -right-hand side of. the machine grasps theclutch-operating lever .46 and'pulls it toward him,.the clutch 23 isengaged; while, on the other hand, if he moves the lever fromhim, theclutch is disengaged.

The operating mechanism for the clutch 28 is like that for the clutch 23just described, and for convenience its parts are designated bycorresponding reference numerals, to which the index prime has been,added.

The brakes will now be described, in de tail, reference being had atfirst to Fig. 3. Except for the fact that one brake is arrangedright-handedly and the other lefthandedly, the brakes are substantiallyalike in construction and operation, and hence a A, description oi onewill sutlice for both. The

brake 24 comprises a brake-drum 51 (see Fig. 2), which cooperates with abrake memhen-herein exemplified by brakeband 52, which, as shown in Fig.3, is provided with two relatively movable terminals 53 and 5a. Ifdesired, the band may be provided with an adjustabletake-up, hereinexemplified by a bolt 55 (shown at the righ -hand side of Fig. 3),extending through lugs 56 and 57 r on two distinct parts of theband,'said bolt being provided with adjusting nuts 58. The band isyieldingly supported by a spring 59,

The arrangement of the presenting two hooks 60 and 61, one beingconnected by a: link 62 to the lug 57, and the other being hooked ontoan eye 63 presented by an eye-bolt which extends through a support 65,and nut '66, threaded onto the bolt above and below the support,securing the bolt to the latter. The support comprises an uprightstandard 67, secured to the base 15 of the machine.

In the present example, the brake is normally automatic'in itsoperation, that is to say, free rotation of the drum is permitted in onedirection under the influence of the notor and clutch hereinbeforedescribed, in the direction oi: the arrow at theuppe r portion of Fig.3,'but rotation in the opposite direction is normally prevented inamanner 'which will presently 'appear/ The brakeband terminals 53 a d 5%are diilerentially connected to a hanger, herein a link 68, best shownin Fig.5, which is pivoted at 69 ona suitable fixed support such as'abracket 70, mounted on the base of the machine' The terminal isconnected one or more,- herein a pair of links 71 and a pivot 72 to thelink 68. The terminal 54 is connected to the link in a manner'which willpresently appear.

A suitably arranged spring I3 urges the link 68 toward the let (Fig. 5),that isto say, contraclockwise about its'pivot 69, but in a generallyclockwise direction, considered with reference'to the brake drum.lslovementof the links in such direction is limited by anappropriatestop 74, herein conveniently formed as an integral part of the bracket70. The spring selected :tor exemplification is helically coiled about arod 75, which passes freely through an opening '2' 6 provided in thelink, and thence through the bracket, which presents a mountingtherefor. I

One end of the spring rests against a suit-- able abutment, herein awasher 7 7 encircling the rod, and-resting against an appropriatelycurved surface 78, which permits limited rocking movement of the linkwith relation to the rod. The other end of the spring rests against asuitable abutment, herein a nut 79 threaded onto the rod. 1

Relative arrangement of the brake parts thus far described is suchthatwhcn the brake-drum has rotated contraclockwise, as viewed in Fig.3, thespring 73 yields and allows the link 68 to swing toward the right-(see Fig. 5), the difierential action of the brake-band therebypermitting the brakeband to relax. W hen, however, there is any tendencyof the brake-drum to rotate clockwise, such tendency is resisted byautomatic application of the brake. r

The brake may be released at will, however, by moving tle terminal 5%contraclockwise, considered with reference to the brake-drum. This isconveniently accomplished by connecting the terminal 54 to the link 68,by means of a rocking lever 80 ha'v.'

ing' two short arms 81, which are located side by side and embrace theterminal. The

link 68 is bifurcated to embrace the'rocking" lever 80, as well as thelinks 71 (see Fig. 6).

lVhen the lever 80 is rocked clockwise about its fulcrum (Fig. its arms81 swing toward the right, and the brake-band is relaxed, therebyfreeing the brake-drum and allowing it to rotate clockwise. It

should here be understood that this release of the brake is effectedwithout disturbing the spring 78 and the link 68,that is to say, it isaccomplished irrespective of the action of the "automatic brake-applyingmeans.

The brake-releasing lever is manually controlled by mechanism now to bedescribed,

reference being had more particularly to 3. The brake-releasing lever isprovided with asecond arm 82, which is connected by al1nk83 to one arm84: of a three- I Brake-releasing movement of thelever 85 is yieldinglyresisted by a spring 88, which is connected to the lever, asby'providing the same with a second arm 89 connected by a-.

pivot 90 to a rod 91, which carries an abutment92 against which one endof thespring rests, while the other end of the spring is seated againstan abutment 93, in which'the rod is mounted to, slide. The abutment 98is provided with a pivot 94, which, as shown in the lower. right-handportion'of Fig. 2, turns in a bearing provided thereforin the bearingbracket 14. When, therefore, the

j arm 89 (see Fig. 8) swings to and fro, the

rod 91 slides backward and forward in the guide 93, and the latter rockson its pivotal mounting. V i

The release of the brake in opposition to the yielding resistancepresented by the spring 73 is effected by the handlever- 46,

which operates the clutch, the control of the machine thereby beinggreatly simplified as compared with former practices. mechanism by whichthis is accomplished will now be described reference being had to Fig.3. The lever 85 is provided with a third arm 95, connected. by; apivot'96 to a sleeve 97, thelatter being mounted to slide lengthwise ona-rod 98, which is in thena :ture of a link connecting said arm to anarmpresented by a pair of ears 99 carried" by the collar 41, which it willbe remembered isclamped on the clutch operating nut.

The hand lever 46 1s yieldingly maintained The in its normalposition bytwo springslOO and 101, encircling the rod 98, and interposed betweenthe sleeve 97 and abutments 102an-d 103 carried by the rod 98. WVhen thecollar 11 is turned clockwise by the use of the hand lever 40, it tendsto place the spring 101 undercompression, and in so doeffects release ofthe brake, inasmuch as it rocks'the three-armed lever 85 ClOOkWlSQ aboutits pivot, and the latter acts through th'elink 83 to rock thebrake-releasing lever in the same direction. Since'the releasingmovement is through the interposition of the spring 101, the release andreapplication' of thebrake can be controlled to a nicety, and it can beapplied and releasedmueh more gradually and sensitively than wouldotherwise be possible. The brake 24*" is generally similar to thebrake'24, audit is therefore .deemed unnecessary to show and to'describethe same in detall, but for convenience, corresponding parts wherevershown are given. corresponding reference numerals with the additionofthe indexprime f I Herein, means are provided'to supplement theautomatic application of the brake by to a sleeve 106, which looselysurrounds the shaft 48, and is held againstfmovement in one direction bythe hub of the lever l6, and

in the opposite direction by a collar I 107 secured to the shaft.Thesleeve presents an arm comprising two ears 108, which are connectedby a link 109 to an arm 110 (see Fig. 5') of the brake-releasing lever80. 'When, therefore, the operator depresses the pedal, the arm 81 ofthe brake-releasing lever is swung contra-clockwise, as viewed in'Fig;

' 5, andthereby acts to tighten the brake band by exerting a pull on thebrake-band terminal 54. It will be remembered, however,

that the arm' 82 ofthe lever 80 is connected by a link 83 to the arm 84:of the three-armedlever 85. The link 83 is; provided with'a slo't111,which receives a pin 112'carried by additional pressure applied bytheoperator, f andby the use of a pedal 10% (see Fig. 3) having a hub105 (see'Fig 4) fixedly. secured the a-rin 84:. Normally this" pin ismaintained at the upper end of the slot byan appro priate spring 118,herein 'helically coiled about the pivot 86 (see Fig. 6), and having Itwo arms 1 14 and 115, one engaging the arm 84, and the other the pin116, which is a prolongation of the pivot connecting the link 88 to thearm 82. "When, therefore, the pedal is depressed'to furnish'additionalbraking pressure, the described spring yields and permits the link 83 t0'be carried' in an up parting any movement 'tothe arm 8 l of thethree-armed'lev-er. In other words, the ad ditional braking pressure'is'applied without ward direction by the arm 82, without imdisturbing themanually: operable mecha- 'nism, including the hand lever which controlsthe clutch and the releasingof the automatic brake. If'now, when theload is be ing held by the automatic application of the brake, thelatter should slip, additional pressure may be applied by depressing thepedal. A like pedal-operated mechanism is provided for the left handbrake, like parts being designated by'like numerals with the addition ofthe index prime Under some circumstances, it s desirable for asingleoperator to operate both clutches aligned'with each other, but aredistinct from each other. gether, however, by the use of an intermediateshaft 117, to which arms 118 and 118 are secured, as by keys 119 and119. These I arms are provided with hubs 120 and 120 which are looselymounted on adjacent ends of the shafts l8 and 1 8.

pled to either of the shafts 4-8 and 18 by coupling means new to' bedescribed, still referring to Fig. 4-. Arms 1 1 and 121. se-

- cured to the shafts 48 and 18 as by keys 122 and 122 are rovided with011 et sertions123 and 123", which present openings 12 1 and 12 1,adapted to register with similar openings 125 and- 125 in the arms 118and 1.18. These openings are adapted toreceive a bolt 126. In Fig. 45,this bolt is shown attaching the arms 118 and 121 together. The bolt maybe used in a similar way to couple the arms 118 and 121 toget-her. Whenthe bolt is used to couple the arms 118 and 121 together, as in Fig. 1,them'achineis adapted for control by a single operator. To this end, thearm 118 is provided with a handle 127, and inasmuch as the arm 118 iskeyed to the shaft 117,

and the latter is coupled to the shaft 48, a single operator can controlboth clutches and both brakes by the use of the handles 16 and Thehandle 127 may be secured to either of the arms 118 and 118, as byproviding them with sockets 128and 128 to receive the handle. The handlemay be secured in place v in either socket, as by set-screws exemplifiedby the set-screws 129, which secure the handle in "the socket 128.

- l Vhen the handle .127 is transferred to the left-hand socket and thebolt 126 is transferred to the right-hand arms, the operator standing atthe left-hand side of the machine can control botlrclutches and bothbrakes.

On the other hand, if two operators are operating the machine, the bolt126 is removed altogether, and laid aside, so that the interbrakemechanism has special utility in 0011-.

They may be coupled to-' thence over a TiefitlOll with load-handlingapparatus employed for a class of work commonly called- Qeiiteuds inonedirection to a supporting and guiding sheave wheel 1S5, .and' thenceto what may be conveniently termed a controlling stand, which is merelythe position where the-described controlling apparatus is located, andwhich, n Fig. 7, is desighated generally by the numeral 136. thiscontrolling stand, there is a guiding sheave wheel 137, to which therope 134 The intermediate shaft 117 may be cou-v ads from the sheavewheel 135, and the rope l ads thence to the winding drum 11, toi whichthe rope is secured or dead-ended. The other rope 13 1 leads from theload carrier in the opposite direction over supporting and guidingsheave wheel 13.5, guiding sheave wheel 137, and thence to the secondwinding drum 11, to which it is secured or dead-ended. The

controlling stand may be conveniently looated on the second floor of thedock orout movement of the load is accomplished by hauling in one ropeand paying out the other. If the linear speed of both ropes is equal,the load will be moved horizontally without substantial verticalmovement. If, on the other hand, both ropes are hauled in-or paid outsimultaneously'and at equal linear speed, the load will be raised or lowered, as the casemay be. Any desired com!- bination' of these horizontaland vertical movements of the load can be obtained,"and

ill?

the load caused to travel in any desired path by a proper relativecontrol of the two ropes.

Assuming the load carrier to havebeen attached to the load'within thehold of the vessel, the first operation is to move the load verticallythrough and beyond the hatch- Way of the vessel to a sufficient'heightabove the deck. Th s is accomplished by winding in both ropes or cablessimultaneously. j

To do this, both operators (in case there are two) pull their controllevers toward them, thereby causing engagement of the clutches,whereupon power is transmitted to the drums and the cables are wound inby proper manipulation of the levers.

at the same linear speed. When the load respectively, each having meansto resist,

has reached a sufficient height to clear the hatchway, and no obstaclesare presented by the vessel, it may be caused to travel inward towardthe dock in any desired path For example, if it should be desired tocarry the load in a direct horizontal path toward the dock, theleft-hand lever is thrown forward, thereby disengaging'the clutch aswell as the automatic brake of the left-hand drum, while the right-handcontrolling lever is pulled toward the operator, thereby engag ing theright-hand clutch, and causing the right-hand drum to wind in its ropeat the same speed that the other rope is paid out. However, theleft-hand controlling lever is utilized as may be necessary to causeapplication of the automatic brake as required to make sure that theleft-hand rope does not pay out any more rapidly than the right-handrope is wound in. If at any time while either automatic brake is in op-.

eration it should slip, the operator can avail himself of the pedal tobring increased brake pressure to bear on the drum.

Having thus described one embodiment of my invention, but withoutlimiting myself thereto, what I claim} and desire by Letters Patent tosecure is:

1'. The combination of two rotors; two clutchesv for rotating said.rotors, respectively; two automatic brakes for said rotors,respectively, each having means to resist rotation in one direction butto permit free rotation in the opposite direction; two clutch and brakecontrolling levers; means connecting each lever to its associated clutchand brake to cause movement of said lever in one direction to engagesaid clutch and to cause movement of said lever in the oppositedirection to disengage said clutch and further movement in the latterdirection to release said brake; a third lever; and means to enable saidthird lever to be coupled to either of the other two levers.

2. The combination of two rotors; two clutches for rotating said rotors,respectively; two automatic brakes for said rotors,

respectively, each having means to resist rotation in one direction butto permit free rotation in the opposite direction; two clutch and brakecontrolling rockers;means connecting each rocker to its associatedrotation in one direction but to permit freev rotation in the. oppositedirection; two clutch and brake controlling rockers; means connectingeach rocker to its associated clutch and brake to cause movement of saidrocker in one direction .to engage said clutch and to cause movement ofsaid lever in the opposite direction-to disengage said clutch andfurther movement in the latter direction to release said brake; anintermediate rocker; a controlling lever for operating said intermediaterocker; and means to enable said intermediate rocker to be coupled toeither of the other two rockers. 7

4. The combination of two rotors; two clutches for rotating said rotors,respectively; two automatic brakes for said rotors,

respectively, each having means to resist rotation in one direction butto permit free rotation in the opposite direction; two clutch and brakecontrolling rockers; means connecting each rocker to its associatedclutchand brake to'cause movement of said rocker in one direction toengage said clutch and to cause movement of said lever in the oppositedirection to disengage said clutch and further movement in the latterdirection to release said'brake; a controlling lever; an intermediaterocker presenting means for the attachment fOf said lever thereto ineither of two positions; and means to enable .said intermediate rockerto be coupled to either of the other two rockers.

5. The combination of two rotors; two clutches for rotating said rotors,respectively; two automatic brakes for said rotors, respectively, eachhaving means to resist rotation in one direction but to permit freerotation in the opposite direction; two clutch and brake controllingrockers; means connecting each rocker to its associated clutch and braketo cause movement of said rocker in one direction to engage said clutchand to cause movement of saidlever in the opposite direction todisengage said clutch and further movement in the latter direction toclutches for rotating said rotors, respectively; two automatic brakesfor said rotors, respectively, each having means to resist rotation inone direction but to permit free rotation in the opposite direction; twoclutch and brake controlling levers each associated with one of saidclutches and one of said brakes; and means connecting each lever to itsassociated clutch and brake to cause movement of said lever in onedirection to of said lever in theopposite direction to dis-- engage saidclutch and further movement in the latter direction to release saidbrake.

7. The combination or" a rotor; an automatic brake for said rotor havingmeans to resist rotation in one direction but to per brake controllinglevers; and means connecting said levers to said brake to enable onelever to release said brake to permit rotation in the first-mentioneddirection and to enable the other lever to apply a braking forceadditional to that attorded by the automatic application of said brake.

9. The combination of a rotor; an automatic brake for said rotor havingmeans rendering the same effective in one direction and ineffective inthe opposite direction said means including a rocker which is movedbodily in the automatic application of said brake; means for rockingsaid rocker about its axis in one direction to effect the release ofsaid brake; and means for rocking said rocker about its axis in theopposite direction to apply a braking force additional to that affordedby the automatic applicaion or" said brake.

10. The combination of a rotor; an automatic bra re for said rotorhaving means rendering the same effective in one direction andinetlective in the'opposite direction, said means including a rockerWhich is moved bodily in the automatic application of said brake; anactuator for rocking said rocker about its axis in one direction toeffeet the rel ase 01": said brake; an actuator for rocking said rockerabout its axis in the opposite direction to apply a braking forceadditional to that afiorded by the automatic application of said brake;and means provic ing {or movement of one of said actuators Withoutdisturbing the other. 7

11. The combination of a rotor; an automatic brake for said rotor havingmeans rendering the saine'efi'eotive in one direction and ineftective inthe opposite direction, said means including a rocker which is movedbodily in the automatic application of said brake; an actuator forrocking said rocker about its axis in one direction to efiect therelease of said brake; an actuator for rocking said rocker about its inthe opposite direction to apply a braking force additional to thatafforded by the automatic application of said brake; anda looseconnection between said rocker and the firstmentioned actuatorvproviding for the sec end-mentioned rocking or said rocker with outdisturbing the first-mentioned actuator.

in testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

i ALMON E. NORRIS.

